美国报告防止人口贩卖不力国家增多

The United States on Monday sharply increased the number of countries said to be failing to meet minimum international standards in the fight against human trafficking. Lebanon, Venezuela and several African states are among the new countries given failing grades in the State Department’s annual report on trafficking.

美国星期一宣布，未能符合国际打击人口贩卖起码标准的国家数目急剧增加，黎巴嫩，委内瑞拉，以及一些非洲国家都在国务院有关贩卖人口年度报告中，被评为新列入的不及格国家名单中。

Officials here say that despite greater awareness of the problem, human trafficking around the world continues to grow - propelled, in part, by Internet communications being exploited to lure people into sexual slavery and indentured labor.

美国国务院官员说，尽管一般国家都对这个问题有了更高的认知，全世界的人口贩卖问题还是有增无减。部分原因是受到互联网通讯的帮助，引诱人们坠入性奴役和强制劳工的陷阱。

As a consequence, the State Department expanded from 13 to 23 its list of so-called Tier 3 countries - states that are not seen as making significant efforts to tackle the problem and could be subject to U.S. sanctions.

因此美国国务院将所谓第三层级国家的数目由13个升至23个。第三层级国家是指那些被认为没有作特殊努力以解决这项问题的国家，他们可能将面临美国的制裁。

At a roll-out event for the global report, covering 184 countries and territories, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said that as many as 27 million people might be living in slavery. She said that although many countries have anti-trafficking laws, enforcement is lagging.

在一份国务院传出有关全世界包括184个国家和领土的报告中，美国国务卿克林顿说，现在可能过着奴役生涯的人数高达2700万。她说，虽然许多国家都有反人口贩卖的法律，而执行的方式却很落后。

“The number of prosecutions worldwide has remained relatively static," said Secretary Clinton. "And so the measure of success can no longer be whether a country has passed laws. So many have in the last decade. Now we have to make sure that laws are implemented and that countries are using the tools that have been created for that.”

克林顿说：“全世界在这方面所进行的起诉案件仍然不见进展，因此，不能再以这个国家有无通过相关法律来评断成功与否。过去10年来，很多国家都有了这项法律，而现在我们必须确定这些法律是否已经付诸实施，确认各国家正在为了原订的目标，使用这项法律工具。”

The report, the 11th issued by the State Department under an anti-trafficking law approved by Congress in 2000, lists several chronic human rights violators as Tier 3 countries - including, Burma, Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Zimbabwe.

美国国务院自从2000年起，在美国国会通过的反人口贩卖法之下，每年发表报告，今年已经是第11次了。

U.S. Persian Gulf allies Kuwait and Saudi Arabia remain as Tier 3 states, joined for the first time by, among others, six African states, Lebanon, Turkmenistan, Venezuela and Micronesia.

美国在波斯湾的盟友科威特和沙特阿拉伯仍在第三层级国家名单之内，其它首次被列入的国家有6个非洲国家，以及黎巴嫩、土库曼斯坦、委内瑞拉和密克罗尼西亚。

Of 13 countries listed last year, only one - the Dominican Republic - was removed from Tier 3 for 2011 because of anti-trafficking progress.

在去年上榜的13个国家中，只有一个国家，多米尼加共和国因为在反人口贩卖上的进展，从第三层级国家名单上移除。

The only penalty authorized under U.S. law is the withholding of non-humanitarian aid, and that has been used sparingly.

根据美国法律的授权，对这些名列第三层级国家的惩罚办法只有扣发非人道主义的援助，而且，连这种方式也很少被祭出使用。

Clinton said the point of the rating exercise is to encourage countries to respond.

克林顿国务卿说，发表报告列出名单的目的是鼓励世界各国作出反应。“The report itself is a tool and what we’re most interested in is working with countries around the world and working across our own government to get results," she said. "The decade of delivery is upon us.”

克林顿说，报告本身是一个工具，而我们最关注的是与世界各国合作以及与我们本国政府各个阶层通力合作取得成果，而是否能交出10年成果就要靠我们的努力了。

At Clinton’s insistence, the report for the second year in a row assessed human trafficking in the United States, which, like most advanced economies, is placed in Tier 1 with effective laws and enforcement efforts.

在克林顿坚持下，这份报告连续第二年评估美国的人口贩卖情况。如同大部分先进经济体，美国被列为有效法律和执法工作的第一级。

But it says the United States remains a source, transit and destination county for men, women and children subjected to forced labor, debt bondage and sex trafficking. It says human traffickers have exploited U.S. visa programs that allow in temporary workers, ostensibly for working in landscaping, farming and tourism industries.

但报告说，美国仍然是男人、女人和儿童的人口贩卖来源、运送和目的国。这些人被迫劳动、欠债和从事性交易。报告说，人口贩子利用美国发给短期工作许可的签证项目，让这些人表面上为庭园、务农、旅游业工作。

The State Department event honored 10 activists from around the world as heroes, among them Antigua and Barbuda women’s rights advocate Sheila Roseau.

美国国务院表彰了10名来自世界各地的活动人士为英雄，安提瓜与巴布达的妇女权利支持者罗索是其中之一。

Roseau helped push an anti-trafficking law through the Caribbean country’s legislature last year, which she said is only the starting point in tackling the problem.

罗索去年在这个加勒比海国家的立法机关推动反人口贩卖法，她说，那只是个解决这个问题的起点。

“As we recognize the tremendous efforts taken, let us ensure that we continue to advocate for effective support for survivors," said Roseau. "We must continue to be vigilant in all efforts to combat human trafficking by securing the support of our governments to action, the legislative frameworks developed or enact the appropriate legislation if it’s not already in place.”

罗索说：“在我们承认已经有重大努力的同时，让我们确保我们会继续为生还者提供有效的支持而努力。我们必须继续进行打击人口贩卖的所有工作，确保我们的政府采取行动，立法机关通过或实施适当的法律，如果还没相关法律的话。”

The report listed six countries as violators of a 2008 U.S. law against the use of child soldiers - Burma, Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen.

报告列出了6个违反美国2008年一条使用童兵法律的国家，包括缅甸、乍得、刚果民主共和国、索马里、苏丹、也门。

All but Burma receive some U.S. military aid or training. The monitoring group Human Rights Watch called on the Obama administration to end that aid as provided for under the law.

除了缅甸之外的所有国家都接受一些美国军事援助或训练。人权监督团体人权观察呼吁奥巴马政府根据这项法律终止援助。