人民币崛起危及伦敦汇市主导地位

London’s lead in the global currencies-trading business is being eroded, with the rise of the renminbi as the world’s most heavily-traded emerging market currency tilting volumes towards Asia.

随着人民币崛起为世界上交易最频繁的新兴市场货币使得交易量向亚洲倾斜，伦敦在全球外汇交易业务中的主导地位正在遭受侵蚀。

The UK capital’s share in the crucial but scandal-tinged business dropped for the first time in more than a decade, down to 37.1 per cent from nearly 41 per cent in 2013, according to a new benchmark survey from the Bank for International settlements.

国际清算银行(Bank for International Settlements)一项新的基准调查显示，伦敦在这一关键但受丑闻影响的业务中所占份额10多年来首次出现下降——从2013年的近41%降至37.1%。

The three biggest Asian trading hubs — Tokyo, Hong Kong and Singapore — captured much of London’s loss with their combined share swelling to 21 per cent from 15 per cent, underscoring the growing importance of Asia, and of China in particular, in global trade.

亚洲三大交易中心——东京、香港和新加坡——抢占了伦敦失去的大部分份额，它们合计占比已从15%升至21%，凸显出亚洲（尤其是中国）在全球贸易中与日俱增的重要性。

New York retained its second place with a slight increase to 19 per cent.

纽约仍保持第二的位置，占比略增至19%。

London has dominated the foreign exchange market for nearly half a decade, a business built on sterling’s history as modern commerce’s first global currency.

伦敦在近五年时间里一直主导外汇市场——这项业务建立在英镑作为现代商贸首种全球货币的历史之上。

Insiders are still proud of the extent to which it towers over New York.

业内人士仍自豪于伦敦在这方面相对于纽约的巨大优势。

In part, that status is due to the luck of location, which helps in facilitating trades for clients from Asia, through the European trading day, to the Americas.

在某种程度上，伦敦这一地位应归功于其幸运的地理位置——有助于在欧洲交易日的一天里从帮助亚洲客户完成交易到帮助美洲客户完成交易。

It’s sad to see how London has declined, but one thing they can’t take away from us is Greenwich Mean Time, said one former broker.

一位前经纪人表示：看到伦敦地位的衰落让人悲哀，但有一样东西他们无法从我们这里夺去，那就是格林尼治标准时间。

But the new BIS survey showed that the renminbi doubled its share of the global market, knocking the Mexican peso off its perch as the most traded currency in the developing world.

但国际清算银行的最新调查显示，人民币在全球市场的份额已经翻番，取代了墨西哥比索作为发展中世界交易量最大货币的地位。

The rise of the renminbi comes as flows in major currencies that are dominated by banks in the UK — such as the euro, yen, Australian dollar and Swiss franc — have all declined.

人民币的崛起正值英国各银行主导的主要货币（如欧元、日元、澳元和瑞士法郎）的交易量都出现下滑之际。

The euro in particular has suffered since the region’s 2010 debt crisis: it formed one side of 31 per cent of trades in this year’s survey, down from 39 per cent in 2010.

欧元自2010年欧元区债务危机爆发以来受到的打击尤为严重：在今年的调查中，欧元占比从2010年的39%下滑至31%。

London has also been hampered by the sickly state of the industry, which was once a key area of expansion for dealer banks.

伦敦也一直受到外汇行业不景气的羁绊，外汇交易曾是交易商银行扩张的一个重要领域。

The average amount changing hands daily around the world fell for the first time since 2001, to $5.1tn in April 2016 from $5.4tn in the same month three years ago.

全球平均每日交易量自2001年以来首次出现下降，从2013年4月的5.4万亿美元跌至今年4月的5.1万亿美元。

It is unclear whether the decline reflects a broad reluctance to use currencies as an asset class, or whether they are suffering as a knock-on effect from wilting volumes in other markets.

目前尚不清楚这种下降是否反映了市场普遍不愿使用外汇作为一种资产类别，或者反映了其他市场交易量萎缩的涟漪效应。