悲剧的诞生The Birth Of Tragedy 第129 歌剧的特点

Therefore, the features of the opera do not by any means exhibit the elegiac sorrow of an eternal loss, but rather the cheerfulness of eternal rediscovery, the comfortable delight in an idyllic reality which one can at least always imagine as real.

所以，歌剧的特点绝不带有哀歌的遗恨千古的悲痛，反而表现出永远恢复的欢欣，牧歌生活的闲情逸致，而人至少可以暂时把牧歌生活幻想为现实生活。

But in this process one may some day grasp the fact that this supposed reality is nothing but a fantastically silly dawdling, at which everyone who could judge it by the terrible seriousness of true nature, and compare it with actual primitive scenes of the beginnings of mankind, would be impelled to call out, nauseated: Away with the phantom!

然而，人也许一朝恍然大悟，明白这种假想的现实不过是无聊幻想的游戏，若以真正自然的可怕严威予以衡量，若以人类初期的原始实况予以比较，任何人都会厌恶地喊道：幻象，滚开！

Nevertheless, it would be a mistake to imagine that it is possible merely by a vigorous shout to frighten away such a playful thing as the opera, as if it were a specter.

虽然如此，但是如果你以为只要高声一呼就可以斥退这种无聊的歌剧，象斥退幽灵那样，那末你就错误了。

He who would destroy the opera must take up the struggle against Alexandrian cheerfulness, which expresses itself so naïvely in opera concerning its favorite idea. Indeed, opera is its specific form of art.

谁要消灭歌剧，就必须负起反对亚历山德里亚乐天思想的斗争；这种思想对它所喜爱的概念这样天真地发表意见，其实它就是这些概念的特殊艺术形式。

But what may art itself expect form the operation of an art form whose beginnings lie entirely outside of the aesthetic province and which has stolen over from a half-moral sphere into the artistic domain, deceiving us only occasionally about its hybrid origin?

然而，如果一种艺术形式完全是在审美范围之外产生的，如果它不过是从一半道德范围潜入艺术领域，从而只能偶然瞒过我们它的杂种血统，你能期望这种形式对艺术本身有甚么作用呢？

By what sap is this parasitic opera nourished, if not by that of true art?

这种寄生的歌剧形式，若不以真正艺术为营养，又能吸取甚么乳浆呢？

Must we not suppose that the highest, and, indeed, the truly serious task of art--to save the eye from gazing into the horrors of night and to deliver the suspect by the healing balm of illusion from the spasms of the agitations of the will--must degenerate under the influence of its idyllic seductions and Alexandrian flatteries to become an empty and merely distracting diversion?

这种最高的而且可谓真正严肃的艺术使命，也就是说，使肉眼不致见到黑夜之恐怖，以假象的灵药救人于意志冲动之痉挛；——这个使命，在牧歌生活的诱惑下，在亚历山德里亚思想的谄谀下，就会蜕化而变为空虚涣散的玩物丧志，我们岂不能料想到这样的结果吗？