悲剧的诞生The Birth Of Tragedy 第100期:万有之母
Before we plunge into the midst of these struggles, let us array ourselves in the armor of the insights we have acquired.
In contrast to all those who are intent on deriving the arts from one exclusive principle, as the necessary vital source of every work of art, I shall keep my eyes fixed on the two artistic deities of the Greeks, Apollo and Dionysus, and recognize in them the living and conspicuous representatives of two worlds of art differing in their intrinsic essence and in their highest aims.
有人辛辛苦苦推断艺术起源于单独一个原理，仿佛一切艺术作品同出于一个不可缺少的生命根源；我却不然，我始终目不转睛地凝视着那两位希腊艺术神灵，阿波罗与狄奥尼索斯，我看出他们是其内在本质和最高目的皆不相同的两个艺术境界之生动活泼的代表。I see Apollo as the transfiguring genius of the principium individuationis through which alone the redemption in illusion is truly to be obtained; while by the mystical triumphant cry of Dionysus the spell of individuation is broken, and the way lies open to the Mothers of Being, to the innermost heart of things.
我把梦神阿波罗看作“个性原则”所化身的天才，只有依赖这原则才能真正获得假象的救济，但是在酒神狄奥尼索斯的神秘的欢呼之下这种个性化的魔力就破灭了，于是那条通向“万有之母”，通向万物核心的道路便敞开。
This extraordinary contrast, which stretches like a yawning gulf between plastic art as the Apollinian, and music as the Dionysian art, has revealed itself to only one of the great thinkers, to such an extent that, even without this clue to the symbolism of the Hellenic divinities, he concedes to music a character and an origin different from all the other arts, because, unlike them, it is not a copy of the phenomenon, but an immediate copy of the will itself, and therefore complements everything physical in the world and every phenomenon by representing what is metaphysical, the thing in itself. (Schopenhauer, Welt als Wille und Vorstellung, I, p. 310.)
这种巨大的对立，象一道洪沟分隔梦神的造型艺术与酒神的音乐艺术，在现代伟大思想家中只有叔本华一人看得如此清楚，所以他无须这两个希腊神灵象征的指导，也能看出在各种艺术中唯独音乐具有特殊的性质和古远的根源，因为音乐不象其他艺术，它不是现象的复制，而是意志本身的直接写照，所以它对宇宙间一切自然物而言是超自物的，对一切现象而言是物自体。
