科学发现：憋尿让人更明智

Researchers discovered the brain's self-control mechanism provides restraint in all areas at once。

They found people with a full bladder were able to better control and "hold off" making important, or expensive, decisions, leading to better judgement。

Psychologists from the University of Twente in the Netherlands linked bladder control to the same part of the brain that activates feelings of desire and reward。

The study, published in the journal Psychological Science, also concluded that just thinking about words related to urination triggered the same effect。

Dr Mirjam Tuk, who led the study, said that the brain's "control signals" were not task specific but result in an "unintentional increase" in control over other tasks。

"People are more able to control their impulses for short term pleasures and choose more often an option which is more beneficial in the long run," she said。

In her study, Dr Tuk asked volunteers to drink either five cups of water containing 750 milliliters or take small sips of water from five separate cups。

They were asked to make eight choices ranging from small, and immediate, rewards to larger, but delayed, ones including choosing to receive either $16 tomorrow or $30 in 35 days。

They concluded that people with full bladders were better at holding out for the larger rewards later。

"You seem to make better decisions when you have a full bladder," said Dr Tuk。

"Maybe you should drink a bottle of water before making a decision about your stock portfolio."

"Or perhaps stores that count on impulse buys should keep a bathroom available to customers, since they might be more willing to go for the television with a bigger screen when they have an empty bladder."科学发现：憋尿让人更明智

研究人员发现大脑的自控机制能让所有部分同时受到抑制。

他们发现人在憋尿的情况下自控能力更强，“拖延”做重要或花销大的决定，避免冲动之下仓促做决定。

荷兰特文特大学的心理学家们认为大脑控制膀胱的部分和管理各种愿望和奖励的是同一部分。

这项发表在《心理科学》期刊上的研究称浮想任何有关排尿的单词也能产生类似的效果。

主导此研究的米利安•图克博士称大脑的“控制信号”并非因事而异，而是对所有功能项目都“不觉加强”控制。

她说：“这样人们能够控制对短期愉悦的强烈需求，而做出长远看来更为有益的决定。”

图克博士要求志愿者要么饮用750毫升的水，或者五杯累计等量的水。

然后让他们做八道选择题，有的奖励较小但发放即时，有的奖励丰厚但需耐心等待，其中一道题让他们选择是愿意第二天得到16美元，还是愿意35天后得到30美元。

图克博士说：“结果表明人在憋尿时更能做明智的决定。”

“或许你在购买股票前可以先喝一瓶水。商店若是想要顾客冲动下掏钱，最好配备洗手间，因为他们一身轻松时，更愿意花钱买个屏幕更大的电视。”