词汇精选：allowance的用法和辨析

一、详细释义：

n.

允许，默许，默认 [C]

例句：

Silence is sometimes equivalent to an allowance.

缄默有时等于允许。

例句：

Don't scrounge my pen without my allowance!

我不允许，你不能擅自拿我的钢笔用！

津贴，补贴 [C]

例句：

She spent three years at college, scraping along on an allowance from her parents.

她念了3年大学，靠她父母给她的津贴勉强维持生活。

例句：

He will deduct twenty dollars from this sum for your allowance.

他要从这笔款中扣去20美元作为你的津贴。

限额 [C]

例句：

The free allowance for luggage is 20 kg.

免费行李限额是20公斤。

例句：

You're within the duty-free allowance.

你所带的东西没超过免税限额。

折扣 [C]

例句：

That store make an allowance of 10% for cash payment.

那家商店给付现金的顾客打百分之十折扣。

例句：

The dealer gave us an allowance on our old car.

车商给我们的旧车打了折扣。

零用钱

例句：

Jay budgets his allowance very carefully and always has a little left over at the end of the week.

杰伊很小心预算零用钱的开支，每一个星期结束时，总会剩些钱。

例句：

Do your parents give you an allowance?

你的父母亲给你零用钱吗？

二、词义辨析：

earnings,allowance,income,salary,wage,pay,fee

这些名词都可表示“工资、收入”之意。 earnings多指通过劳动或投资等手段所得到的收入。allowance指收入中的补贴部分。income与earnings含义很相近，但前者强调总收入。salary指按年定下，按月或星期平均给予的报酬，指脑力劳动者的薪水。wage多用复数形式，指按小时、日或星期的报酬，通常指体力劳动者的工资。pay是个通用词，可取代salary与指提供某种服务收取的固定费用。

三、相关短语：

depreciation allowance

可免税的折旧

四、参考例句：

Do your parents give you an allowance?

你的父母亲给你零用钱吗？

My monthly allowance is 50 yuan.

我每月的津贴是50元。

You should make allowance for his youth.

你应当考虑到他还年轻｡

They show great anxiety concerning their retirement allowance.

他们对自己的养老金问题显得十分焦虑。

I would like my allowance in a lump sum.

我希望把我的津贴全数发给我。

I didn't receive any allowance from my father.

我没有收到父亲给的零用钱。

I didn't receive any allowance from my wife.

我没有从我老婆那儿拿到一点儿零花钱。

The scholarship includes an allowance of 80 dollars for books.

奖学金包括八十美元的书籍费津贴。

Don't scrounge my pen without my allowance!

我不允许，你不能擅自拿我的钢笔用!

You must make allowance for him because he is ill.

你应该体谅他，因为他一直病著。