美国允许同性恋男子献血 但须"禁欲"12个月

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced Monday it has lifted a 30-year-old lifetime ban on blood donations by gay men, allowing those who haven't had sexual contact with other men in a year to do so.

美国食品药品监督管理局(食药监局)21日正式解除一项实施了30年的终身禁令，将禁止同性恋、双性恋男子献血的规定改为允许他们禁欲12个月后献血。

With the decision, the United States joined countries such as the United Kingdom and Australia, which also have 12-month deferrals for men who have sex with men to donate blood.

这项决定的做出使得美国的政策与英国、澳大利亚等国家的政策看齐。这些国家也允许同性恋禁欲12个月后献血。

"In reviewing our policies to help reduce the risk of HIV transmission through blood products, we rigorously examined several alternative options, including individual risk assessment," said Peter Marks, deputy director of the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. "Ultimately, the 12-month deferral window is supported by the best available scientific evidence."

FDA生物制品评估和研究中心主任皮特·马克斯表示：“为了使我们的政策有助于通过血液制品降低艾滋病传染的风险，我们严格检查了多个选项，包括个人风险评估。最终，科学证据表明12个月是最好的空窗期。”

People with hemophilia or related clotting disorders are also still deferred from donating blood. The rationale, however, has changed "from preventing HIV transmission to ensuring that such donors are not harmed by the use of large bore needles during the donation process," said the U.S. regulator.

美国的负责人表示，血友病患者或有相关凝血障碍的潜在献血者仍禁止献血，这样做的原因是“出于对他们自身的保护，因为献血过程中使用的针头会对他们造成潜在的伤害”。