调查显示美国人评估宗教暴力时持双重标准

Following Wednesday's attack on Paris-based satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo, many Muslims found themselves in the spotlight once again, forcedto apologize for a crime they had nothing to do with.

自从巴黎查理周刊遇袭事件后，许多穆斯林发现他们再次被推到了聚光灯之下，被迫为与他们毫无关系的一起犯罪事件负责。

Such is typically not the case for acts of violence perpetrated by other religious groups, and a 2011 Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI) survey may offer a hint as to why thedouble-standard exists.

这是典型的非其他宗教团体所犯的事件。2011年PRRI的调查可以给为什么存在这种双重标准一个提示。

The PRRI survey showed evidence of contradictions in Americans' attitudes toward religious violence. Most notably, 83 percent of Americans said that self-proclaimed Christians who commit acts of violence in the name of Christianity are not really Christians, while 48 percent of Americans said that self-proclaimed Muslims who commit acts of violence in the name of Islam are not really Muslims.

PRRI的调查显示了美国人对宗教暴力态度上的矛盾。最值得注意的是，83%的美国人表示那些自称是基督徒却打着基督教义进行暴力行为的人不是真正的基督徒；然而只有48%的美国人表示那些自称是穆斯林却打着伊斯兰教义进行暴力行为的人不是真正的穆斯林。

Republican respondents (55 percent) were more likely than Democrat respondents (40 percent) to say a self-identified Muslim who commitsacts of violence in the name of Islam is really Muslim.

共和党回答者（55%）相比于民主党回答者（40%）更可能表示，一个打着伊斯兰教义进行暴力行为的自称是穆斯林的人是真正的穆斯林。

The same report revealed that only 58 percent of American adults view Muslims favorably, and a 2014 Pew report showed that just 38 percent say they personally know someone who is Muslim.

相同的报告也显示只有58%的美国成年人能亲切地看待穆斯林。2014的皮尤报告也显示只有38%的人说他们个人知道谁是穆斯林。

In an article published at thetime of the study's release, PRRI CEO Robert P. Jones relayed that the double standard was most prominently employedby those who identify asChristian but least likely to appear among millennials. Jones said at the time that the younger generation might "facilitate a resolution of the public's current ambivalence about the place of American Muslims in society," but offered less optimism in an email to HuffPost on Friday.

在这项课题放开后出版的一篇文章中，PRRI的CEO罗伯特P.琼斯解释道这种双重标准是被新千年里不大可能出现的那些被认为是基督徒的人主要采用。琼斯同时也表示年青一代能“促进解决当前的美国穆斯林在社会上的矛盾位置问题”，然而在周五提供给HuffPost的邮件中只有很少人表示了乐观。

A September 2014 Pew report found that 50 percent of American adults say Islam is more likely than other religions to encourage violence among its followers -- up from 40 percent in 2011,Jones said.

一份2014年的皮尤报告发现50%的美国成年人表示伊斯兰相比于其他宗教在他们的教义中更鼓励暴力——相比于2011年的40%，琼斯说道。

"These recent increases in Americans' concerns about the links between Islam and violence," Jones argued, "suggest that, if anything, these findings about the American double standard on religious violence may understate the size of this gap today."

“最近美国人对伊斯兰与暴力联系的担忧与日俱增”琼斯论述道，“这表明这些关于美国对宗教暴力上双重标准的调查结果或许是被低估了的。