时事新闻:美国刺激计划减少失业人口100万

【英文原文】

White House: Stimulus Saved or Created One Million Jobs
The White House Council of Economic Advisers said Thursday that one million more people would have been out of work in August without programs funded by the $787 billion stimulus plan.

The White House council, headed by Berkeley economist Christina Romer, said in its first report on the stimulus plan's impact that it had compared 'actual economic performance to the predictions of a plausible statistical baseline' to conclude that the stimulus plan had added 2.3 percentage points to real gross domestic product growth between April and June.

The report also used economic models to estimate that the stimulus plan had added between 600,000 and 1.1 million to employment since it was implemented. Vice President Joe Biden said in a speech last week that the plan had created or saved 750,000 jobs since it was passed.

The administration still faces its biggest test in next month's deadline for recipients of stimulus money to report how many jobs they created or saved using the money. That will provide the first direct headcount of how many people are working because of the plan.

Republican leaders have challenged the Obama Administration on the effectiveness of the stimulus, pointing to the rising unemployment rate, now at 9.7%, a 26-year high. Many businesses are still shedding jobs and the Federal Reserve Beige Book report on business conditions released earlier this week said labor market conditions remain weak around the nation.

【中文译文】

美国白宫经济顾问委员会周四表示，如果没有7,870亿美元刺激计划的支持，8月份的失业人口可能会高出100万人。

由伯克利大学经济学家罗默(Christina Romer)担任主席的白宫经济顾问委员会在有关经济刺激计划影响的首份报告中说，它对比了实际经济表现与可能的统计基准预测，从中得出的结论是，经济刺激计划让第二季度的实际国内生产总值(GDP)增长率提高了2.3个百分点。

该报告还利用经济模型估算出，刺激计划自实施以来增加了60万至110万的就业人口。美国副总统拜登(Joe Biden)在上周的一次讲话中说，该计划自获得通过以来已创造或保住了75万份岗位。

奥巴马政府仍将在下月的最后期限面临最大的考验，届时刺激资金的接受方将公布它们通过这笔资金创造或保住了多少工作。这将是首次直接提供因这项计划而得到工作的人数。

共和党领导人一直质疑奥巴马政府刺激措施的效果，他们称失业率已达到9.7%，创出了26年来的新高。许多企业仍在裁员，美国联邦储备委员会(Federal Reserve)本周初发布的有关企业状况的黄皮书称，全美劳动力市场状况依然疲弱。