美国国会委员会建议封杀中国国企收购

Congress should exercise greater scrutiny over trade and investment practices between the United States and China in order to prevent China from taking advantage of the economic relationship, a congressional commission said in a report released on Wednesday.

美国国会的一个委员会周三发布一份报告说，国会应该对美中之间的贸易和投资进行更严格的审查，以防止中国在两国经济关系上占便宜。

In its long list of recommendations, the commission advised Congress to authorize a government panel that reviews foreign takeover deals to bar Chinese state-owned companies from acquiring or gaining effective control of American companies.

该委员会提出了许多建议，包括建议国会成立一个政府小组，专门审查外国的收购交易，以阻止中国国有企业收购美国公司，或获得美国公司的有效控制权。

It also said Congress should ask a government watchdog agency to write a report on whether large-scale outsourcing of manufacturing to China is leading to the hollowing out of the defense industrial base.

该委员会还说，国会应该要求一家政府监督机构，就制造业大规模外包到中国是否导致国防工业基地被掏空的问题起草一份报告。

The commission also suggested ways in which Congress could better bring antidumping cases against China.

该委员会还向国会建议了能更好地对中国提出反倾销诉讼的办法。

Each year, the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission releases a report to Congress with recommendations based on months of research.

美中经济和安全审查委员会每年向国会提交一份报告，在几个月研究的基础上向国会提建议。

The commission aims to make suggestions after examining trade, investment and national security issues between the two nations.

该委员会的目的是在审查了两国之间的贸易、投资和国家安全问题后，提出有关建议。

Its recommendations are not binding.

其建议没有法律约束力。

The report this year took a critical look at the free-trade relationship between the United States and China — for example, implying that the countries are not competing on a level playing field.

今年的报告对美中之间的自由贸易关系进行了批判性地审查，比如，报告暗示两国展开竞争的环境不公平。

It follows a populist airing of grievances over the downsides of free trade and a globalized economy in Western nations this year.

报告的内容，与西方国家今年对自由贸易和经济全球化的负面影响所表达出的民粹主义不满情绪相吻合。

That helped lead to the election last week of Donald J. Trump as the next United States president and to the vote by Britons in June to leave the European Union.

这种不满在上周的大选中帮助唐纳德•J•特朗普当选了下任美国总统，也在今年6月让英国人投票脱离欧盟。

China, in its recent public statements, has emphasized the tight economic ties between the two major trading partners and said the countries would benefit more from working together.

中国在最近的公开声明中强调了中美这两个主要贸易伙伴之间的密切经济关系，并表示，两国将更多地从合作中受益。

During his campaign, Mr Trump said he would bring manufacturing jobs back to Middle America and consider imposing a 45 percent tariff on Chinese exports, as well as labeling China a currency manipulator.

特朗普在竞选活动期间曾表示，他将让美国的中产阶层重新得到制造业的就业机会，并考虑对中国出口的产品征收45％的关税，他还要给中国贴上货币操纵者的标签。

Some economists have said a trade war with China would harm the United States economy and lead to a recession.

一些经济学家说，与中国打贸易战将给美国经济带来损害，有可能导致经济衰退。

In September, after prodding from some lawmakers, the Government Accountability Office, a watchdog agency, said that it would examine whether reviews of foreign purchases should include a stricter look at more types of foreign investments and be broadened to define more industries as important to the nation’s economy.

今年9月，在一些立法者的督促下，监督机构美国政府问责局(Government Accountability Office)表示将展开调查，以决定对外国收购的审查是否应该更严格，包括对更多类型的外国投资进行更严格的审查，以及是否应该把更多的行业都作为美国经济重要的一部分。

The review process is done by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, or Cfius, which approves most of the foreign purchases that it examines.

对收购的审查由美国外国投资委员会（简称CFIUS）进行，CFIUS对经其审查的大部分外国交易予以批准。

The report released Wednesday said it is that panel that Congress should authorize to reject purchases by Chinese state-owned enterprises.

周三发布的报告说，国会应授权CFIUS拒绝中国国有企业的收购。

Such companies are the main drivers of China’s economy.

这些企业是中国经济的主要动力。

The new report said Congress should also create an office in the International Trade Administration to identify and bring antidumping and countervailing duty cases.

新报告说，国会还应在国际贸易管理局(International Trade Administration)下设立一个办公室，以发现反倾销和反补贴税的案子，并进行起诉。

Countervailing duties are imposed on goods to offset the fact that the goods may have been made with the help of subsidies.

反补贴税指对可能是在补贴的帮助下制造的产品征收关税，以抵消其得到的补贴。

Besides trade and investment, the report covers topics like security relations, China’s global footprint and the United States’ rebalancing to Asia.

该报告除了贸易与投资的内容外，还涵盖其他主题，比如安全关系、中国的全球活动，以及美国向亚洲的重新平衡。

In one section, the authors criticize what they see as meager American government efforts to block intelligence collection by China.

报告的作者在其中一个部分批评了美国政府没有完全努力去阻止来自中国的情报收集。

The Obama administration has expressed concern over what it sees as state-sponsored hacking from China in recent years.

奥巴马政府已对此表示过关注。他们认为近年来中国黑客的袭击，背后有政府的支持。

The US government response to the threat from Chinese intelligence collection has suffered from the lack of an integrated, coordinated effort within the US intelligence community, the report said.

报告说，美国政府对来自中国情报收集的威胁所作出的反应很糟，原因是美国情报界缺乏一体化的、协调一致的努力。

The US government’s efforts to counter Chinese intelligence collection operations have manifested largely as a series of espionage prosecutions rather than a strategic, whole-of-government response, it added.

美国政府打击中国情报收集的努力，主要表现为一系列的间谍起诉，而不是战略性的、全政府的响应，报告还说。

The Obama administration has taken steps to improve cybersecurity among US government agencies and defense contractors, but these measures could mitigate, not eliminate, the significant cyber espionage threats to these organizations.

虽然奥巴马政府已采取措施改进美国政府机构和国防承包商的网络安全，但这些措施只能减轻、而不是消除这些机构所面临的来自网络间谍活动的重大威胁。