美国石油产量增至47年新高

US oil production has returned to a peak last seen in the heyday of the Texas oil boom 47 years ago, as the shale revolution that was temporarily set back by low crude prices has reignited.

美国石油产量已回升至47年前得克萨斯州石油热潮鼎盛时期的峰值水平。前一段时间因油价低迷而暂时受挫的页岩革命再度点燃。

The government’s Energy Information Administration estimated yesterday that US output was running at just under 10.04m barrels a day last November, fractionally below the previous record set in November 1970.

官方的美国能源情报署(Energy Information Administration)昨日估计，去年11月美国石油日产量逼近1004万桶，仅略低于1970年11月创下的纪录。

Soaring output from shale wells has put the US on course to overtake Saudi Arabia and Russia to become the world’s largest crude producer, shaking up oil markets and the geopolitics of energy.

页岩油产量飙升，使美国有望超越沙特阿拉伯和俄罗斯、成为世界最大的原油生产国，这将撼动石油市场和能源地缘政治。

The spike in US production over the past decade is a remarkable reversal for a country that for decades was the biggest importer of crude and appeared to be heading for a future reliant on foreign supplies. But the new surge puts US output at more than double its low point of about 5m b/d in 2008.

过去10年来美国石油产量飙升，对于这个几十年来一直是最大的原油进口国、似乎正在走向依赖外国供应的国家是一个显著的逆转。但新的大幅增产使美国的产量达到2008年低点（日均约500万桶）的两倍多。

The new crude supply released by the shale oil boom has helped to hold down prices, benefiting consumers worldwide. It has boosted the US economy, creating tens of thousands of jobs, bolstered its energy security, created new international relationships, and given Washington new freedom to use sanctions as a tool for strategic influence.

页岩油热潮释放的新原油供应已帮助压低价格，使世界各地的消费者受益。它提振了美国经济，创造了数以万计的就业岗位，提升了美国的能源安全，建立了新的国际关系，并在把制裁当作战略影响力的工具方面赋予了华盛顿新的自由。

“For decades the only question was how fast are US oil imports going to rise,” said Daniel Yergin, vice-chairman of IHS Markit. “Now global oil markets have been put in a bottle and shaken up, and new patterns are emerging.”

“曾经有几十年时间，唯一的问题是美国石油进口量增长的速度会有多快，”IHS Markit副董事长丹尼尔?耶金(Daniel Yergin)表示。“现在全球石油市场就像被放进一个瓶子里用力摇动，新的格局正在浮现。”