中英双语话历史 第58期:南北朝(陈)
Chen Baxian, the founder of the Chen Dynasty, was born in a humble family of Changcheng WuXing ( now Changxing, Zhejiang province).
He gained his prestige and power when suppressing Hou Jing, the traitor.
侯景之乱爆发后，陈霸先起兵讨伐侯景，逐步取得了权位。Rising from the ruin of Liang, with Xiao Cha held Jiangling, Xiao Bo in Ling Nan and some newly-borned landlords claimed sovereign over localities, Chen government directed all his efforts in eliminating the separated regimes and rehabilitation of the social groups in the early period either by means of fighting or ingratiating.
陈建国时，萧詧据有江陵，萧勃占据岭南，一些新兴起的土豪还各据一方。以后，陈用笼络和征伐兼用的办法，相继消灭许多割据势力。
During the periods of emperors Wen and Xuan, Chen witnessed a more organized social orders and enhanced progress of economy.
陈朝在文帝和宣帝时期，政治情况较梁末有所改善，江南经济逐渐得到了恢复。In 573, Wu Mingche, commander of Chen, taking the advantage of chaos in the Northern Qi, waged war against the Northern Qi and occupied Shouyang.
公元573年（太建五年），陈将吴明彻乘北齐大乱之机北伐，攻占了寿阳等地。After the Northern Qi was destroyed by the Northern Zhou, Wu Mingche launched a second expenditure to the North and was captured in the battle in Pengcheng. Since then, the main force of Chen Dynasty was collapsed and the strength of the Southern Dynasties fell into a decline.
北周灭北齐后，吴明彻再次北伐，在进攻彭城的战斗中失败被俘,陈军主力覆灭，南朝的力量更加衰弱了。In 583, the later emperor Chen Shubao came into the power, he paid no heed to the governments except hurling money on extravagant life and spectacular palace. The accumulation of the wealth was drained in the south.
公元583年，后主陈叔宝继位，荒淫无道，不理政务，并且大修宫室，耗费了大量钱财，使经济又遭破坏。Meanwhile, the Suin the north grew strong.
这时北方的隋朝已经强大起来。In 589,Sui directed their army southwards, entered Jian-kang and captured the last emperor. With the vanish of the Chen Dynasty, the separation which lasted for nearly three hundred years was over.
公元589年，隋军大举 南下，攻入建康，俘后主，陈朝灭亡，结束了中国长达近300年的分裂局面。The Southern Dynasties saw the decline of power and influence of powerful families and gentry-lords. Due to the strengthened royal power, the powerful families and gentry-lords, despite their high social status, could no longer dominate the court.
南朝的历史是门阀士族由盛而衰的历史，南朝的皇权比较强大，门阀士族社会地位虽然高贵，却不能完全左右政局。Meanwhile, further development of the area in the south of the Yangtze River gave the local people opportunities to rise in power, to take positions in the government and even to serve the emperor.
随着江南开发的不断深人，土著寒人在政治上逐渐上升，步人官僚行列，为皇帝所倚重。Beginning at the time of the Xiao Liang and the Chen, the southern landlords also became overwhelming local powers.
从梁陈之际开始，南方内地的土豪，也成为割据的一方势力。The Southern Dynasties was the second government established and ruled by Han nationality in the south following the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and its existence contributed to saving and developing Han culture.
南朝是继东晋之后由汉族在南方建立起来的朝廷，虽然他们的存在都不过几十年,但其作为汉族的统治，使汉文化得以保存和发展。Without it, it was very likely that Han nationality would have been eliminated by other minorities and the brilliant cultures of Huaxia would have been taken to an end.
如果没有它的存在，汉族则可能被其它的少数民族所消灭，华夏文明就此结束。Judging from this respect, the Southern Dynasties justified its position in Chinese history and its contribution to Huaxia culture was indelible.
所以,南朝在中国历史上有 着极其重要的地位，为华夏文明的发展作出了不可磨灭的贡献。
