双语畅销书《艾伦图灵传》第5章:解谜接力赛(22)
To do this, in the peacetime conditions of 1932, was itself an impressive feat.
It had been made possible by the French secret service who had obtained, through spying, a copy of the instructions for using the machine in September and October 1932.
法国情报部门在1932年9月或10月，通过间谍得到了一份谜机操作指南。They had passed it to the Poles. They had also passed it to the British.
他们把它发给了波兰，同时也发给了英国。
The difference was that the Polish department employed three energetic mathematicians, who were able to use the papers to deduce the wirings.
波兰雇用了三位高水平的数学家，他们根据这份情报推导出了连线关系。Highly ingenious observations, good guessing, and the use of elementary group theory, produced the rotor wirings, and the structure of the reflector. The guessing, as it happened, was necessary to ascertain how the letters on the keyboard were connected to the enciphering mechanism. They might have been connected in some jumbled order to introduce another element of complexity into the machine. But they guessed and verified that the Engima design made no use of this potential freedom. The letters were joined to the rotor in alphabetical order. The result was that logically, if not physically, they had captured a copy of the machine, and could proceed to exploit that fact.
通过敏锐的观察，合理的推导，以及基础群论的运用，转盘的连线关系和反馈器的结构都已经弄清楚了。现在需要猜测的是，键盘上的字母，是如何接入到加密机制中的。因为他们可以通过一个无序的连接方式，引入更多的复杂元素。但他们最终推测并证明，谜机并没有利用这种潜在的自由度，它的键盘就是按照字母顺序直接接入转盘的。于是，他们已经从逻辑上复制了一台谜机，可以利用它来继续探索。They were only able to make these observations, on account of the very particular way in which the machine was used.
根据谜机特定的使用方式，他们现在只能观察到这些。And they were only able to progress towards a regular decipherment of Enigma material by exploiting that method of use.
下一步，就是通过实际的使用，来研究常规的解码方法。
