欧盟成员对拯救欧元区新协议有分歧

Stock markets and the value the euro currency rose after most members of the European Union agreed to a new deal Friday, increasing their economic ties to save the struggling eurozone. But reaction is mixed about the agreement, cobbled together after marathon talks among European leaders in Brussels.

在欧盟大多数成员国12月9日星期五达成一项新协议之后，股市和欧元的币值都出现攀升。根据这项协议，欧盟成员国需要增加它们的经济联系，以挽救正在竭力挣扎的欧元区。这项协议是欧盟领导人在布鲁塞尔经过马拉松式的谈判才勉强达成的，可是对于这项协议的评价则是褒贬不一。

European Central Bank chief Mario Draghi reacted positively to the agreement for stronger fiscal ties and better control over government budgets.

欧洲央行行长德拉基对这项要求加强财政联系、更好地控制政府预算的协议做出了积极的反应。

"It's a very good outcome for the euro area, very good. It's quite close to a good fiscal compact, and certainly it's going to be the basis for a much more disciplined economic policy for euro-area members, and certainly it's going to be helpful in the present situation," Draghi said.

德拉基说：“这对欧元区是一个很好的结果，非常好。它已经相当接近一项财政协议了。显然，欧元区成员国将会以此为基础，制定纪律更加严明的经济政策，显然，它对当前的局势是有帮助的。”

Twenty-three of the EU's 27 members have agreed to the pact, championed by economic heavyweights France and Germany to make sure Europe's sovereign debt and banking crisis doesn't happen again. That includes all 17 members of the embattled eurozone. But at a final press conference on Friday, European Union president Herman von Rumpoy said three more countries are considering joining - which would leave Britain as the single holdout.

欧盟27个成员国中的23个国家同意这项协议，欧盟经济中最具影响力的法国和德国带头支持这项协议，以确保欧洲的主权债务和银行业危机不会重演。支持这项协议的国家包括危机四伏的欧元区的所有17个成员国。可是，在星期五举行的最后一次新闻发布会上，欧盟轮值主席范宏毕说，还有3个国家也在考虑加入这项协议，从而使英国成为唯一抵制这项协议的欧盟成员国。

"Our preference went to a full-fledged treaty change with the 27, changing the treaties of the Eurpean Union. We tried it, but because there was not a unanimous decision, we have to take another decision," he said.

范宏毕说：“我们希望签署一项27个成员国都同意的全面的新条约，改变欧盟现有的条约。我们争取做到这一点，可是由于没有形成一致的决定，我们不得不做出另一项决定。”

German Chancellor Angela Merkel hailed the deal as a success. She said those who opted to create a new fiscal union chose a future of more solidarity and economic coherence which will make the euro currency more secure.

德国总理默克尔赞扬这项协议是一个成功。默克尔总理说，那些选择创造一个新财政联盟的国家，就是选择一个更加团结和经济联系更紧密的未来，这将使欧元更为安全。

EU members adhering to the new treaty must commit to keeping their deficits below 0.5 percent of their economic output - or risk sanctions. The pact is expected to be signed by March. European leaders also agreed on other measures to stop the eurozone crisis from spreading - like giving the International Monetary Fund another $260 billion to bolster financial firewalls.

支持这项新协议的欧盟成员国必须承诺保持他们的赤字低于他们国家经济产量的0.5%，否则就有受到制裁的风险。预计，这项协议将在明年3月之前签署。欧盟领导人还同意采取其他措施，阻止这场欧元区危机扩散，例如给国际货币基金组织追加2600亿美元，以加强金融防火墙。

But Simon Tilford, chief economist of the London-based Center for European Reform, says the new treaty does nothing to resolve to resolve Europe's debt crisis.

可是，设在伦敦的欧洲改革中心的首席经济学家西蒙.蒂尔福德说，这项新协议在解决欧洲债务危机方面没有起任何作用。

"The problem is that fiscal austerity will not solve this crisis - at least not alone," Tilford said. "Fiscal austerity has in many ways been part of the crisis. Enforcing unending austerity on the countries in the periphery has already made their predicaments much worse and threatens to make a bad situation in Spain and Italy already worse than it currently is."

蒂尔福德说：“问题是，财政紧缩不会解决这场危机，至少单靠财政紧缩不解决问题。在许多方面，财政紧缩本身就是这场危机的一部分。对欧元区那些外围国家实施无止境的紧缩政策已经使他们的经济困境雪上加霜，而且还可能使西班牙和意大利这些经济状况本来已经恶化的国家的局势更糟。”Other analysts fear the deal weakens European unity - with one group of countries part of the new pact and another out of it. British Prime Minister David Cameron defended his decision to reject the treaty - and offered another vision of Europe.

其他分析人士担心这项协议削弱欧盟国家的团结，因为一批国家属于这项新协议的一部分，而另一些国家则独立于该协议之外。英国首相卡梅伦为他拒绝接受这项协议的决定进行辩护，并且提出他对欧盟的愿景的另一种看法。

"We're not in the euro, and I'm glad we're not in the euro," Cameron said. "So i think the idea of Europe being more of a network - you choose those organizations you join, you choose those organizations you don't join - is actually a way in which Britain can get what we want and what we need in Europe."

卡梅伦说：“我们英国不属于欧元区，我很高兴我们不在欧元区。因此，我认为欧洲应该更像一个网络，你可以选择加入你喜欢的组织，你也可以选择不加入那些你不喜欢的组织。实际上，通过这种方式，英国可以得到我们想要的东西，获得我们在欧洲需要的东西。”

Analyst Tilford says whether Britain and others will be weaker for opting out of the fiscal pact depends on what happens to the eurozone.

分析人士蒂尔福德说，英国和其他国家是否参加这项财政协议，取决于欧元区今后的局势。

"If the eurozone does master this crisis and holds together, we're likely to see increased integration within participating countries within the eurozone, and Britain will become progressively marginalized within the EU," Tilford said.

蒂尔福德说：“如果欧元区能够控制这场危机，团结一致，我们就更可能看到加入这项协议的欧元区国家会有更大的融合，那样的话，英国就会在欧盟内部逐渐被边缘化。”

But if the eurozone crisis drags on and the euro area fractures, he says, that's another story. And Tilford sees nothing in the new pact EU leaders agreed on that makes him optimistic about the euro's future.

可是他说，如果欧元区危机拖下去的话，欧元区就会瓦解，这就是另一回事了。蒂尔福德说，欧盟领导人达成的新协议并没有令他对欧元的未来感到乐观。