TPP推进 特朗普孤立政策遭批评

A weekend move by Japan and 10 other Pacific nations to press ahead with a vast regional trade agreement without the US has prompted fresh criticism that Donald Trump’s “America First” trade policy is leaving Washington increasingly isolated.

日本与另外10个太平洋国家周末决定推进一项没有美国参与的大规模区域贸易协定，引发了对于唐纳德?特朗普(Donald Trump)的“美国优先”(America First)贸易政策正导致华盛顿日益孤立的批评。

The 11 remaining members of the Trans-Pacific Partnership, which the Obama administration spent years negotiating and Mr Trump pulled out of on his third day in office, announced on Saturday that they had reached agreement on the “core elements” of a deal to proceed without the US.

特朗普上任第三天就宣布退出奥巴马(Obama)政府花费数年时间谈判达成的《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》（Trans-Pacific Partnership，简称TPP），而剩下的11个成员国上周六宣布，他们已就一项协定的“核心要素”达成一致，拟在没有美国的情况下推进这项贸易协定。

The group still has work to do, as Canada, Malaysia and Vietnam seek changes to an agreement they have rebadged — at Canada’s request — as the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership.

这些国家仍有工作要做，因为加拿大、马来西亚、越南都希望修改这一协定；在加拿大的要求下，该协定已更名为“全面且先进的TPP”(Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership)。

But officials said the plan was to sign a final agreement early next year, in a deal that would eliminate the tariffs on 95 per cent of goods traded in a bloc covering some 500m people and more than $10tn in economic output.

但官员们表示，他们的计划是在明年初签署一项最终协定，该协定将在一个覆盖约5亿人口、经济产出超过10万亿美元的集团消除95%贸易商品的关税。

“This will send out a very strong message to the US and to other Asia-Pacific countries,” said Toshimitsu Motegi, the Japanese economy minister.

“这将向美国和亚太区其他国家发出非常强烈的信号，”日本经济再生大臣茂木敏充(Toshimitsu Motegi)表示。

The announcement came as Mr Trump continued to press the case for a rewriting of the US trade relationship with countries in Asia via bilateral trade deals and to push for a new “Indo-Pacific” strategy.

这一宣布出炉之际，特朗普继续推动通过双边贸易协定重写美国与亚洲国家的贸易关系，并推动新的“印度洋-太平洋”战略。

The president and the White House were pointing to the way his Asia trip had been celebrated in China, Japan and other stops along the way. But critics charge that, on the trade front at least, the administration looks increasingly like it is being outmanoeuvred by Beijing and others.

特朗普总统和白宫都强调其亚洲之行在中国、日本等国家受到热烈欢迎。但批评人士指责称，至少在贸易方面，特朗普政府似乎正日益被中国等国的政府占上风。

“I think everyone was polite to him and they want to make him think that they are all chummy and willing to do things with him. But I have to think in some ways they are laughing behind his back, and certainly the Chinese are,” one US business lobbyist told the Financial Times on Sunday. “I don’t think any of them have any intention of getting into a deal with him, certainly not on the terms that he wants.”

“我认为每个国家都对他以礼相待，想让他认为大家是好朋友，他们愿意与他合作。但我不禁想到，他们在某些方面在背后嘲笑他，中国人肯定会这样，”一位美国商业说客周日告诉英国《金融时报》，“我不认为他们中任何人有意愿想要和他达成协议，肯定不会以他想要的条件达成。”

Michael Froman, who led the US TPP negotiations under the Obama administration, said that the renewed agreement “shows how our allies and partners continue to see the value of putting in place high standards and tearing down trade barriers across the region. Clearly, as the US retreats, the rest of the world is moving on”.

奥巴马政府时期领导美国TPP谈判的迈克尔?弗罗曼(Michael Froman)表示，更新后的协定“显示出我们的盟友和伙伴继续认为，在整个地区实施高标准和清除贸易壁垒是有价值的。很明显，在美国后退之际，世界其他国家翻开了新的一页。”