美国总统特朗普欲废除出生公民权

Last Tuesday, US President Trump said he will try to end the right to citizenship for babies born in the US to noncitizens.

美国总统特朗普上周二声称，他将寻求终止非美国公民在美国出生子女的公民权。

He will issue an executive order, he said, to override the 14th Amendment of the Constitution, which states that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside."

特朗普表示，他将签署一项行政令推翻美国宪法第14修正案，该修正案规定：“所有在美国出生或者入籍并接受其司法管辖的人，都是美国和他们所居住州的公民”。

"We're the only country in the world where a person comes in and has a baby, and the baby is essentially a citizen of the United States ... with all of those benefits," Trump said in an interview with Axios news website.

特朗普在接受Axios新闻网采访时称：“美国是世界上唯一一个只要你进来生个孩子，这个孩子本质上就成为美国公民的国家，享受所有福利。”

He's wrong. At least 30 countries subscribe to the principle of jus soli, wherein a person's citizenship is based on the territory of his or her birth. Simply put, birthright citizenship.

其实他错了。至少有30个国家实行国籍出生地原则，即一个人的国籍根据其出生地决定。简言之就是出生公民权。

Jus soli is law in Canada, the US and nearly every country in South and Central America.

国籍出生地原则在加拿大、美国以及南美州和中美州的几乎所有国家是一项法律。

Sociologist John Skrentny theorized that jus soli is strongest in the Western Hemisphere because of the region's colonial history. Traditionally, lenient naturalization laws made it more appealing for Europeans to travel to -- and settle in -- the New World.

社会学家约翰·斯克伦特尼认为，由于西半球的殖民历史，国籍出生地原则在西半球最为牢固。传统上，宽松的入籍法律更吸引欧洲人前往新大陆并在那里定居。

That was important, Skrentny told PolitiFact, because "getting people to move in was a good way to establish authority."

斯克伦特尼向PolitiFact透露，这一点很重要，因为“让人们迁入是建立权威的好方法。”